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Alicia Christian "Jodie" Foster (born November 19, 1962)〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Jodie Foster Biography (1962-) )〕 is an American actor, director and producer who has worked in films and on television. She has often been cited as one of the best actresses of her generation. Foster began her career at the age of three as a child model in 1965, and two years later moved to acting in television series with an appearance in the sitcom ''Mayberry R.F.D.''. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, she worked in several primetime television series and starred in children's films. Foster's breakthrough came in Martin Scorsese's controversial ''Taxi Driver'' (1976), in which she played a teenage prostitute; the role garnered her a nomination for an Academy Award. Her other critically acclaimed roles as a teenager were in the musical ''Bugsy Malone'' (1976) and the thriller ''The Little Girl Who Lives Down the Lane'' (1976), and she became a popular teen idol by starring in Disney's ''Freaky Friday'' (1976) and ''Candleshoe'' (1977). After attending college at Yale, Foster struggled to transition to adult roles until winning widespread critical acclaim for her portrayal of a rape survivor in ''The Accused'' (1988), for which she won several awards, including an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. She won her second Academy Award two years later, when she starred in the sleeper hit ''The Silence of the Lambs'' as Clarice Starling, a FBI trainee investigating a serial murder case. Foster made her debut as a film director the same year with the moderately successful ''Little Man Tate'' (1991), and founded her own production company, Egg Pictures, in 1992. The company's first production was ''Nell'' (1994), in which she also played the title role, gaining another nomination for an Academy Award. Her other films in the 1990s included period drama ''Sommersby'', Western comedy ''Maverick'' (1994), science fiction film ''Contact'' (1997), and period drama ''Anna and the King'' (1999). Her second film direction, ''Home for the Holidays'' (1995), was not well-received critically or commercially. After career setbacks in the early 2000s, which included the cancellation of a film project and the closing down of her production company, Foster starred in four thrillers, ''Panic Room'' (2002), ''Flightplan'' (2005), ''Inside Man'' (2006), and ''The Brave One'' (2007). She has focused on directing in the 2010s, directing the films ''The Beaver'' (2011) and ''Money Monster'' (2016) as well as episodes for Netflix television series ''Orange is the New Black'' and ''House of Cards''. She also starred in the box office hit ''Elysium'' (2013). In addition to her two Academy Awards, Foster has won three BAFTA Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award and the Cecil B DeMille Award. ==Background and education== Foster was born in Los Angeles on 19 November 1962 as the youngest child of Evelyn Ella "Brandy" (née Almond) and Lucius Fisher Foster III. Her father came from a wealthy Chicago family, whose forebears included John Alden, who had arrived in North America on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620.〔Cullen, pp. 182–183〕 He was a Yale graduate and a decorated U.S. Air Force lieutenant colonel, and made his career as a real estate broker.〔 He had already been married once and had three sons from the union before marrying Brandy in Las Vegas in 1953.〔 Brandy Foster was of German heritage and grew up in Rockford, Illinois. Before Foster's birth, she and Lucius had three other children: daughters Lucinda "Cindy" Foster (b. 1954) and Constance "Connie" Foster (b. 1955) and son Lucius Fisher "Buddy" Foster (b. 1957).〔 Their marriage ended before Foster was born, and she never established a relationship with her father.〔〔("Jodie Foster, Reluctant Star." ) ''60 Minutes II''. 1999. Retrieved April 24, 2007.〕 Following the divorce, Brandy raised the children with her partner in Los Angeles. She worked as a publicist for film producer Arthur P. Jacobs, until focusing on managing the acting careers of Buddy and Jodie.〔〔〔 Although Foster was officially named Alicia, her siblings began calling her "Jodie", and the name stuck. Foster was a gifted child, and learned to read at the age of three.〔〔 She attended a French-language prep school, the Lycée Français de Los Angeles.〔 Her fluency in French has enabled her to act in French films, and she also dubs herself in French-language versions of most of her English-language films.〔〔("Jodie Foster: Hollywood fait confiance à mes choix." ) ''L'Express'', October 3, 2007.〕 She also understands Italian although does not speak it,〔("Flightplan – Mistero in volo" Intervista a Jodie Foster e al regista Robert Schwentke ), Filmup, October 17, 2005, Italian〕 as well as a little Spanish〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jodie Foster )〕 and German.〔Spiegel Online Culture (2005).("I do not need muscles" ) "I have intensely coached my German, in any case. A few lumps (scattered words and phrases) are still left from my childhood, because at that time my mother had often taken me with her to see German films." Retrieved June 19, 2009. (translated ) online.〕 At her graduation in 1980, she delivered the valedictorian address for the school's French division.〔 Although already a successful actor by this time, Foster then attended Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.〔 She majored in literature, writing her thesis on Toni Morrison, and graduated with a ''magna cum laude'' in 1985.〔 She returned to Yale in 1993 to address the graduating class, and was awarded an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from the university in 1997.〔(Yale Bulletin and Calendar Commencement 1997 ) ''June 2–23, 1997 Volume 25, Number 33 News Stories〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jodie Foster」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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